Process of manufacturing colored or similar films.



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ERNST OESER, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING COLORED OR SIMILAR FILMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters .E'ateut No. 660,024, datedOctober 16, 1900.

Application filed December 20, 1899. Serial No. 7&L058. (N0 specimens.)

To 0/ iii/"tom it may concern.

Be it known that I, ERNST OESER, manufacturer, a subjectof the KingofPrussia, Ger man Emperor, residing at Dresdenerstrasse 7E), llerlin,Germany, have invented a certain new and useful Process for theManufacture of Colored or Similar Films, of which the following is aspecification.

In the u'ianul'acture of colored films, such as are used for thecoloring of paper, leather, or the like and which are generallymanufactured from gelatin, glycerin, and water in mixture with a dye,color, or the like coloring material of any description, a greatdifficulty has heretofore been experienced from the fact of the filmafter having been attached to the surface of the paper, leather, fabric,or the like and the excess of the material of the film having beenremoved readily disintegrates or crumbles, thus giving off its color, soas to soil the surrounding paper, leather, fabric, or the like materialto which the film has been fixed. My invention is intended to obviatethis difficulty, inasmuch as the color or bronze film manufactured by myimproved process will not give off its color. It is also possible bythis process to obtain shaded or differently-colored foils, such as maybe used in imitation of the appearance of marble, wood, and the like.

\Vhile my process may be carried out in ditferent ways, I prefer thefollowing way of carrying my invention into efiect: In the case of filmswith less expensive dyes, colors, or bronzes as a base beingmanufactured, I make a mixture of from five to ten grams ofisinglasswith ten to fifteen grams ofglycerin, which I boil inone-fourth to one-half liter of water. These three ingredients beingthoroughly mixed together,from four hundred to five hundred grams ofZinc-white or some other white color are added, if it is desired toproduce a white-colored film. For mauufacturingthe lighter shades of acolored film the mixture just described is mixed with the requiredamount of the desired color and the whole well stirred together. To themixture of ingredients thus obtained I now add about thirty grams ofalbumen, the whole being kept at a moderate heat, nearly lukewarm. Theuse of the albumen is for the purpose of obtaining a more intimatemixture and sus pension of the dye or color in the liquid and to preventthe film from giving oil its color. In case of the film being attachedto the paper, leather, or the like by pressing with hot presses or diesthe albumen at the same time serves as a good adhesive agent and impartsluster to the surface of the material so coated. The preparationobtained by the proccssjust described is then applied in a thin coatingto a glass plate by means of a suitable brush or by any otherappropriate means. As soon as the coating has become dry it is carefullyscraped olf or removed from the glass plate by means of a scraper orspatula, and the film thus produced is then used in the-unanner asmetalfoilsthat is to say, thefilm is extended upon the object to which thecoloring agent is to be applied by dies or presses, and the die,stencil, orihe like device having its bottom surface of the pattern itis desired to produce is then applied and the colored film therebypressed onto the base. After the excess of the material of the film hasbeen wiped off the drying process of the paper, leather, or the like isfinished.

If it is desired to manufacture colored films from deeper shades ofdyes, colors, or bronzes, very little or no zinc-white at all is to beused, its quantity being replaced by the equivalent of the dye, color,or bronze in question.

For producing colored films from more expensive dyeing or coloringmaterials or bronzes I first make a mixture of the dye, color, or bronzewith a certain quantity of albumen in solution, which is applied to theglass plate. After the coating has become dry the said coating is thencovered by a second coating, consisting of a mixture of water,isinglass, glycerin, and albumen, and of a cheaper dye or color,preferably in the proportions enumerated above. After this secondcoating has also become dry the whole preparation is then lifted offfrom the glass plate in the manner described.

If it is desired to give to the film the appearance of stone or of anykind of wood or the like material, I first coat a glass plate with thecolor serving as the base of the pattern to be produced, which has beenappropriately shaded. When this coating has become dry, or at leastretains but a small amount of moisture, it is covered by a coating ofthe preparation described made with less expensive color. A littlealbumen is added to the color or dye used to produce the shading; but Imay also reverse the coating process and first coat the glass plate withthe above preparation serving as a base and prepared with a lessexpensive color, which coating is then allowed to dry and subsequentlycovered with the 'bronzing or'dyeing or coloring material of highervalue mixed with a proper binding material, which is shaded in the usualmanner.

The process may also be used to coat metal foils with the preparationwithout the necessity of previously tinting the ground plate. In thiscase the mass is prepared from isinglass, glycerin, water, and albumenmixed with a less expensive yellow or red color, the mixture being thenapplied to a glass plate and allowed to become dry. Itis then coatedwith a solution of albumen, and upon this the metal foil is laid. Whenthe mass has become dry, the several coatings will have become united,and the whole preparation may then be pulled off from the plate. It is,

however, possible to put the metal foil upon the coating consisting ofmy preparation after the same has become nearly solid.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is-

1. The process of manufacturing films which consists in mixing isinglasswith glycerin and boiling the mixture in water, adding color thereto,stirring the ingredients to- 35 gether', adding albumen while keepingthe whole at a moderate heat, laying out the mixture and leaving it todry.

2. The process of manufacturing films which consists in mixing from fiveto ten grams of isinglass with ten to fifteen grams of glycerin andboiling the mixture in a onefourth to one-half liter of water, addingfrom four hundred to five hundred grams of color thereto, stirring theingredients together, adding about thirty grams of albumen while keepingthe Whole at a moderate heat, laying out the mixture and leaving it todry.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a film consisting of isinglass,glycerin, albumen and a color.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo witnesses.

ERNST OESER.

Witnesses WOLDEMAR I-IAUP'I, HENRY HASPER.

